Fig. 5

Effect of intracerebroventricular minocycline on echocardiographic changes in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-Induced 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx) rats. At the fourth week after Nx surgery, intracerebroventricular administration of minocycline (mino) or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) was initiated, followed by CLP surgery (Nx-mino-CLP group and Nx-aCSF-CLP group). Graphs A and B show the echocardiographic imaging results on the second day after CLP surgery in the Nx-aCSF-CLP and Nx-mino-CLP groups, respectively. In graphs A and B, the upper left panel shows M-mode images at the level of the left ventricular papillary muscles, the upper right panel shows short-axis images at end-diastole of the left ventricle, and the lower panel shows IVC images. The arrow in the diagram points to the IVC. Graph C shows the echocardiographic measurements for both groups. Values are mean ± SEM; n = 6 for each group. **p < 0.01, in comparison with Nx-aCSF-CLP rats. LVDd LV end-diastolic diameter, LVDs LV end-systolic diameter, %FS percent fractional shortening, IVS interventricular septum thickness, LVPW left ventricular posterior wall thickness, IVCD inferior vena cava diameter, and SEM standard error of the mean