Table 1 Comparison of experimental characteristics between four groups
Variables | NC+NS (n = 13)※ | NC+LR (n = 14)※ | HS+NS (n = 14)※ | HS+LR (n = 14)※ | P value§ | P value# |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Electrolytes and ABG | ||||||
Chloride (mmol/L) | ||||||
0.5 h | 105.29 ± 2.06 | 100.57 ± 1.52 | 115.57 ± 3.65 | 109.00 ± 3.37 | 0.004 | < 0.001 |
2 h | 102.50 ± 4.46 | 101.57 ± 2.07 | 109.71 ± 4.72 | 107.86 ± 2.41 | – | – |
PCO2 (mmHg) | ||||||
0.5 h | 44.73 ± 5.20 | 46.04 ± 4.76 | 28.53 ± 4.41 | 34.99 ± 4.11 | – | 0.016 |
2 h | 37.87 ± 3.00 | 41.94 ± 4.45 | 36.77 ± 7.55 | 37.49 ± 9.82 | – | – |
Base excess | ||||||
0.5 h | − 0.69 ± 1.20 | − 0.20 ± 1.82 | − 10.07 ± 2.09 | − 4.01 ± 1.04 | – | < 0.001 |
2 h | 0.88 ± 1.01 | 1.17 ± 0.59 | − 4.89 ± 3.22 | − 2.40 ± 3.47 | – | – |
Lactate (mmol/L) | ||||||
0.5 h | 0.70 ± 0.22 | 0.70 ± 0.25 | 2.34 ± 0.74 | 1.40 ± 0.30 | – | 0.001 |
2 h | 0.68 ± 0.27 | 0.44 ± 0.08 | 0.53 ± 0.26 | 0.59 ± 0.23 | – | – |
HCO3-− (mmol/L) | ||||||
0.5 h | 24.36 ± 1.35 | 25.51 ± 1.67 | 15.47 ± 1.74 | 20.99 ± 1.32 | – | 0.000 |
2 h | 25.10 ± 0.81 | 26.94 ± 1.46 | 20.46 ± 3.36 | 22.36 ± 3.80 | – | – |
Routine blood test | ||||||
WBC (10^9/L) | ||||||
0.5 h | 8.78 ± 4.22 | 6.83 ± 2.40 | 13.55 ± 2.42 | 11.94 ± 1.96 | – | – |
2 h | 10.56 ± 2.97 | 7.25 ± 2.08 | 12.69 ± 2.35 | 8.69 ± 2.56 | 0.025 | 0.006 |
Cardiac function | ||||||
cTnl (pg/mL) | ||||||
0.5 h | 41.76 ± 12.13 | 55.49 ± 9.62 | 174.33 ± 24.03 | 114.78 ± 31.75 | – | < 0.001 |
2 h | 46.07 ± 11.18 | 59.36 ± 9.50 | 169.40 ± 63.60 | 106.11 ± 26.05 | – | 0.003 |
Catecholamines (ng/mL) | ||||||
0.5 h | 167.36 ± 39.76 | 169.34 ± 21.30 | 398.39 ± 86.16 | 292.81 ± 81.71 | – | 0.005 |
2 h | 165.02 ± 16.39 | 181.78 ± 30.74 | 329.74 ± 62.01 | 256.76 ± 30.10 | – | 0.002 |
cTnl (Cardiac tissue) (pg/mL) | 172.73 ± 50.26 | 179.84 ± 43.46 | 582.58 ± 135.32 | 417.29 ± 140.71 | – | 0.006 |
Catecholamines (Cardiac tissue) (ng/mL) | 305.52 ± 32.63 | 313.74 ± 29.35 | 737.37 ± 89.02 | 493.58 ± 32.35 | – | < 0.001 |
Renal function | ||||||
Scr (umol/L) | ||||||
0.5 h | 35.99 ± 1.62 | 36.19 ± 2.40 | 53.16 ± 7.42 | 43.93 ± 1.93 | – | 0.000 |
2 h | 35.70 ± 2.44 | 38.24 ± 2.82 | 42.73 ± 2.38 | 42.76 ± 2.69 | – | – |
NGAL (ng/mL) | ||||||
0.5 h | 1.46 ± 0.31 | 1.57 ± 0.32 | 2.32 ± 0.47 | 1.73 ± 0.56 | – | 0.016 |
2 h | 1.39 ± 0.29 | 1.54 ± 0.25 | 3.60 ± 0.71 | 2.02 ± 0.23 | – | < 0.001 |
NGAL (Renal tissue) (ng/mL) | 5.78 ± 1.76 | 5.87 ± 0.64 | 10.31 ± 1.45 | 7.26 ± 0.74 | – | < 0.001 |
Inflammation Indicators | ||||||
IL-6 (pg/mL) | ||||||
0.5 h | 21.92 ± 3.91 | 20.42 ± 1.77 | 67.61 ± 20.37 | 45.90 ± 17.94 | – | 0.007 |
2 h | 22.94 ± 4.15 | 24.49 ± 4.05 | 72.98 ± 27.68 | 36.11 ± 9.13 | – | < 0.001 |
TNF-α (pg/mL) | ||||||
0.5 h | 90.75 ± 16.46 | 93.49 ± 7.06 | 186.64 ± 26.76 | 134.73 ± 24.60 | – | < 0.001 |
2 h | 93.66 ± 11.81 | 90.71 ± 10.27 | 182.71 ± 49.08 | 129.99 ± 15.99 | – | 0.002 |
IL-6 (Cardiac tissue) (pg/mL) | 144.78 ± 22.13 | 143.43 ± 20.81 | 371.72 ± 116.80 | 301.90 ± 82.37 | – | – |
TNF-α (Cardiac tissue) (pg/mL) | 190.91 ± 18.11 | 196.87 ± 18.62 | 525.28 ± 98.10 | 350.95 ± 52.45 | – | < 0.001 |