Table 4 Clinical characteristics comparing the survivor and non-survivor at 30 days
Survivor | Non-survivor | Univariate odds ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
Number | 53 | 23 | |
Baseline characteristics | |||
Gender, male | 23 (43.4%) | 11 (47.8%) | 1.20 (0.44–3.19) |
Age (years) | 59.3 ± 13.6 | 56.4 ± 16.0 | 0.99 (0.95–1.02) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.0 ± 4.0 | 25.1 ± 5.5 | 1.06 (0.94–1.18) |
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 3 (5.7%) | 4 (17.4%) | 3.51 (0.72–17.16) |
Comorbidity | |||
History of VTE | 3 (5.7%) | 1 (4.4%) | 0.76 (0.07–7.69) |
History of PE | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (4.4%) | 2.36 (0.14–39.51) |
History of DVT | 3 (5.7%) | 1 (4.4%) | 0.76 (0.07–7.69) |
Chronic heart disease | 5 (9.4%) | 6 (26.1%) | 3.39 (0.91–12.55) |
History of stroke | 2 (3.8%) | 0 (0%) | N/A |
COPD/asthma | 1 (1.9%) | 3 (13.0%) | 7.8 (0.77–79.56) |
History of major bleeding | 3 (5.7%) | 2 (8.7%) | 1.59 (0.25–10.20) |
Hypertension | 23 (43.4%) | 9 (39.1%) | 0.84 (0.31–2.28) |
Diabetes | 8 (15.1%) | 3 (13.0%) | 0.84 (0.20–3.52) |
Dyslipidemia | 11 (20.8%) | 2 (8.7%) | 0.36 (0.07–1.79) |
Chronic kidney disease | 9 (17.0%) | 5 (21.7%) | 1.36 (0.40–4.61) |
Dialysis | 1 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | N/A |
Autoimmune disease | 0 (0%) | 2 (8.7%) | N/A |
Congenital coagulation defects | 4 (7.6%) | 3 (13.0%) | 1.84 (0.38–8.96) |
Active cancer | 3 (5.7%) | 3 (13.0%) | 2.50 (0.46–13.44) |
Initial presentation | |||
Out-of-hospital onset | 40 (75.5%) | 20 (87.0%) | 2.17 (0.55–8.49) |
Arrest/collapse at diagnosis | 48 (90.6%) | 19 (82.6%) | 0.49 (0.12–2.04) |
Arrest at diagnosis | 35 (66.0%) | 17 (73.9%) | 1.46 (0.49–4.34) |
Collapse at diagnosis | 13 (24.5%) | 2 (8.7%) | 0.29 (0.06–1.42) |
ECMO use at hospital arrival | 44 (83.0%) | 17 (73.9%) | 0.57 (0.18–1.88) |
Laboratory data | |||
WBC (/μL) | 13,200 [1000–15190] | 10,800 [9125–14750] | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12 [9.7–14.3] | 12.1 [10.9–14.6] | 1.04 (0.88–1.23) |
Platelet (109/μL) | 16.2 [12.6–24.4] | 17.3 [9.3–20.4] | 0.98 (0.93–1.04) |
Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.01 [0.81–1.19] | 1.09 [0.92–1.38] | 1.18 (0.70–1.98) |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 50.5 [40.8–60.7] | 48.1 [36.3–56.6] | 0.98 (0.95–1.01) |
Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.6 [0.4–0.9] | 0.65 [0.4–0.8] | 1.03 (0.69–1.54) |
D-dimer (μg/mL) | 28.8 [12.5–53.9] | 23.4 [12.8–36.8] | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) |
BNP (pg/mL) | 143.8 [36.5–4442.6] | 800.1 [230.9–1365.1] | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) |
Treatment | |||
Surgical intervention | 15 (28.3%) | 1 (4.4%) | 0.12 (0.01–0.93) |
Catheter intervention | 10 (18.9%) | 7 (30.4%) | 1.88 (0.61–5.79) |
Thrombolytic therapy | 13 (24.5%) | 8 (34.8%) | 1.64 (0.57–4.75) |
Anticoagulation only | 17 (32.1%) | 11 (47.8%) | 1.94 (0.71–5.28) |