Table 1 Patients’ baseline characteristics

Baseline

 Age, years

68.8 ± 13.4

69.2 ± 14.3

68.4 ± 12.6

0.85

 Male sex, n (%)

36 (75.0)

21 (84.0)

15 (65.2)

0.13

 BMI

22.6 (19.5–26.5)

20.2 (17.5–25.1)

24.2 (22.3–27.1)

0.26

 Hypertension, n (%)

30 (62.5)

19 (76.0)

11 (47.8)

0.04

 Diabetes, n (%)

23 (47.9)

13 (52.0)

10 (43.5)

0.55

 Dyslipidemia, n (%)

24 (50.0)

13 (52.0)

11 (47.8)

0.77

 Current or past smoker, n (%)

26 (54.2)

17 (68.0)

9 (39.1)

0.04

 CPA, n (%)

24 (50.0)

13 (52.0)

11 (47.8)

0.77

 MVD, n (%)

17 (35.4)

8 (32.0)

9 (39.1)

0.61

 MAP < 60 mmHg, n (%)

29 (60.4)

14 (56.0)

15 (65.2)

0.51

Drug therapy on pulmonary circulation, n (%)

 Dobutamine

44 (91.7)

24 (96.0)

20 (87.0)

0.25

 Adrenaline

12 (25.0)

5 (20.0)

7 (30.4)

0.40

 Milrinone

6 (12.5)

4 (16.0)

2 (8.7)

0.44

Cause of CS, n (%)

 AMI

27 (56.3)

13 (52.0)

14 (60.9)

0.54

 -STEMI

14 (29.2)

5 (20.0)

9 (39.1)

0.14

 -NSTEMI

13 (27.1)

8 (32.0)

5 (21.7)

0.42

 AHF with low EF

13 (27.1)

9 (36.0)

4 (17.4)

0.14

 Acute myocarditis

6 (12.5)

3 (12.0)

3 (13.0)

0.91

 VT/VF

2 (4.2)

0 (0)

2 (8.7)

0.08

Laboratory and echo data on admission

 Peak CK-MB (U/L)

251 (65–629)

140 (57–569)

339 (63–731)

0.18

 BNP (pg/mL)

697 (126–1763)

909 (210–1952)

356 (98–1302)

0.89

 Lactate (mg/dL)

73 (22–131)

48 (21–114)

121 (46–138)

0.07

 pH

7.35 (7.14–7.44)

7.42 (7.18–7.48)

7.28 (7.06–7.39)

0.06

 HCO₃⁻ (mmol/L)

18.9 (14.2–20.9)

19.4 (14.8–21.2)

18.3 (13.7–20.9)

0.66

 eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2)

46.0 (30.5–56.8)

40.0 (28.5–55.9)

48.0 (34.0–58.0)

0.60

 LVEF (%)

25 (15–30)

25 (18–30)

26 (15–40)

0.40